Kurdistan workers party pkk counter extremism project. A nato office of security document cautiously defines it as a cyber attack using or exploiting computer or communication networks to cause sufficient destruction or disruption to generate fear or to intimidate a society into an ideological goal. Contents other suicidal terrorist groups 209 summary 210 security and suicide bombing 212. Early history of hostage taking 142 typologies of hostage takers 143 time, trust, and the stockholm syndrome 145. The organization restructured itself and moved the organization structure to syria between 19801984 just after the 1980 turkish. The title responses to cyber terrorism was chosen in order to put the onus on the discussion of practical solutions, and in some respects the meetings of the working groups were as important for achieving the goals of the arw as were the plenary sessions see the last chapter on the account of the working group discussions. The philosophy of the kck is described in the foreword to the agreement sozlesme that the kurdistan peoples congress kongra gel accepted on 17 may 2005. Bronwen jones reports on 6th hearing of kck lawyers trial. In 2004, haydar ali, the caucasus representative of kongra gel kurdistan peoples congress, a front for the pkk, also recognized the genocide. Kurdistan workers party wikipedia republished wiki 2. To view the pdf file, you will need to download, at no cost, the adobe acrobat reader. Throughout history, religious groups have used terrorism to carry out the will of god.
Kongra gel in late 2003, the group sought to engineer another political facelift, renaming the group kongra gel kgk and brandishing its peaceful intentions, while continuing to commit attacks. December 11, 2004 6 kongra gel kurdistan 7 letter to janet biehl and murray bookchin, dated october 12, 2004. Understanding and responding to the terrorism phenomenon. The report is available as html files below or in pdf format pdf. Cq press your definitive resource for politics, policy and people. Sage business cases real world cases at your fingertips. This is a remarkable book, especially considering that abdullah ocalan, since its inception in 1978, has been the leader of the kurdistan workers party pkk, an organization officially classified as terrorist by turkey, the united states and the european union eu, but considered by many as a kurdish liberation organization. More recently, the january 19, 2007 assassination of armenian journalist hrant dink by an ultranationalist turkish youth in fact triggered in turkey open and critical discussion of the genocide. The main part of uzuns report deals with the current pursuit of a peace process, which he traces to the beginning of the pkks transition from an. If you knew the old slough like i did before it started to reinvent itself in the late 1960s, then this book should do much to remind you what it was like before then.
Abdullah ocalan simple english wikipedia, the free. An introduction to civil wars takes an empirical and thematic approach to the study of civil wars. Keep track of the latest developments on the center for preventive actions global conflict tracker. He was enemy number one for turkey so he is important enough to get an article. Kongra gel 207 al qaeda 208 chechen suicide bombers 209. Sage books the ultimate social sciences digital library. Initially, it was referred to as the marxist leninist organization. The one issue touched on repeatedly by the contributors of this publication is the difficulty of arriving at a definition of cyber terrorism. Even if someone is against him, so we need an article cause he made much, even if u cant stand him. Kurdistan isci partisi is a kurdish militant and political organization based in the kurdish regions of turkey and iraq. Somewhat randomly organized, the book touches on native american history, culture and language, tribal organization and relations with the us government, land theft and its continuing legacy of poverty, the history of oppression and the destruction of indian culture, cultural practices such as powwows and ceremonies, ongoing challenges such as.
Since 1984, the pkk has been involved in an armed conflict with the turkish state with ceasefires in 19992004 and 202015, with the initial aim of achieving an independent. In october 2003 the kadek announced its dissolution and declared the creation of a new organisation. This study is the executive summary of the entire book consisting of four primary parts. Jul 28, 2019 a separatist insurgency begun in 1984 by the kurdistan workers party pkk now known as the peoples congress of kurdistan or kongra gel kgk has dominated the turkish militarys attention and claimed more than 30,000 lives, but after the capture of the groups leader in 1999, the insurgents largely withdrew from turkey, mainly to. Abdullah ocalan founded the kurdistan workers party pkk in turkey in 1978. The kurdistan peoples congress kongra gel or kgk, formerly the kurdistan workers party, pkk is a kurdish separatist group primarily active in part of northern iraq and southeastern turkey. Terrorism defined as i said earlier in this unit, terrorism does not have a clear definition but. Most kurds speak northern kurdish kurmanji or sorani, which both belong to the. A separatist insurgency begun in 1984 by the kurdistan workers party pkk now known as the peoples congress of kurdistan or kongra gel kgk has dominated the turkish militarys attention. Featured texts all books all texts latest this just in smithsonian libraries fedlink us genealogy lincoln collection. The copresidents of the kongra gel remzi kartal and hacer zagros. Cia world fact book, 2004turkey wikisource, the free. Since 1984 the pkk has been involved in an armed conflict with the turkish state, with the initial aim of achieving an independent kurdish state, later changing it to a demand for equal rights and kurdish autonomy in turkey.
The book examines the radical transformations over the past decade in the politics of turkeys kurdish minority. After the capture of the groups leader in 1999, the insurgents largely withdrew from turkey mainly to northern iraq. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. Department of treasury designated aydar and other senior pkk members as significant foreign narcotics traffickers. In fact, no nation in the contemporary world can be considered safe from terrorism. Koma civaken kurdistan project gutenberg selfpublishing. Attacks in turkey and clashes with kurdish groups significantly increased in 2016. The objective of the assembly is to coordinate the activities of member turkish american associations and individual members of the assembly for the purpose of presenting a more balanced view of turkey and of the turkish people, and emphasizing the importance of enhanced understanding between turkey and the united states. Full text of the pkk coming down from the mountains. During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Everything you wanted to know about indians but were afraid. The main rebel group is the kurdistan workers party or pkk kurdish.
The meks history is filled with antiwestern attacks as well as terrorist attacks on the interests of the. Taha musa in early 2001 published a book in which he attempted to justify terrorist attacks that would cause mass casualties. Transforming ethnic conflict explores the conditions that encourage nonviolent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Dec 24, 2016 in 2004, haydar ali, the caucasus representative of kongra gel kurdistan peoples congress, a front for the pkk, also recognized the genocide. Brief history of modern terrorism moore public schools. The case for delisting the pkk as a foreign terrorist. Search the history of over 424 billion web pages on the internet. A separatist insurgency begun in 1984 by the kurdistan workers party pkk now known as the peoples congress of kurdistan or kongra gel kgk has dominated the turkish militarys attention and claimed more than 30,000 lives, but after the capture of the groups leader in 1999, the insurgents largely withdrew from turkey, mainly to. Understanding terrorism groups, strategies, and responses james m. Nov 28, 2006 a separatist insurgency begun in 1984 by the kurdistan workers party pkk now known as the peoples congress of kurdistan or kongra gel kgk has dominated the turkish militarys attention. The party began in 1974 under the leadership of abdullah ocalan. Born in siirt, he graduated from the law faculty of istanbul university after which he worked as a lawyer in. Featured texts all books all texts latest this just in.
Project muse the kurdistan workers party turns against. The history of the kurdistan workers party began in 1974 as a marxistleninist organization under the leadership of abdullah ocalan. Since world war ii, by far most of the wars that have been. Kongra gel kgk, formerly kurdistan workers party, pkk, kadek. The main objective of trt kurdi is to reflect turkeys cultural diversity on the screen. Afghan men stand and ready to offer prayers at the funeral of legislator mustafa kazimi in kabul, afghanistan on nov. Oct 01, 2005 written by brendas husband who was born in slough during world war 2. While the pkks manifesto explicitly called for the creation of an independent kurdish state, the group embraced marxism to justify its kurdishseparatist war as part of a global class struggle and revolution. In 1978 the organization adopted the name kurdistan workers party and waged urban war between 19781980. The kurdistan workers party pkk is a kurdish military and political organization formed in turkey in 1974.
Ocalan and confirmed by the general assembly of the peoples congress kongra gel genel kurulu. Pkkkadek kongra gel members and supporters were detained or arrested by turkish authorities on suspicion of their involvement in terrorist activities carried out in eastern turkey bbc 19 apr. Established in 1978, pkk kurdistan workers party started its armed struggle in 1984 after a preparatory period of numerous murders and attacks, with the objective of the establishment, through armed struggle, of an independent kurdistan within turkey s borders. It broadcasts in the kurmanji and sorani varieties of kurdish as well in zazaki. Gel, as its assembly, the kck comprised a network of village, city, and regional councils, functioning as an organization. International observers were required to surrender mobile phones, but. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Early history of hostage taking 142 typologies of hostage takers 143 time, trust, and the stockholm syndrome 145 london syndrome 148 guidelines for hostage events 149 u.
The structure of pkkkongragel and its activities in europe. The chairperson of the executive council, however, compiles the list of candidates to be elected. In exchange for delisting, the pkk could be required to reiterate its rejection of isis, pledge to further. Conflict between turkey and armed kurdish groups global. The kurdishturkish conflict is an armed conflict between the republic of turkey and various kurdish insurgent groups, which have demanded separation from turkey to create an independent kurdistan, or to have autonomy and greater political and cultural rights for kurds inside the republic of turkey. However, terrorist organizations are more involved into organized crime activities without cooperating with the transnational organized crime groups. Hostage rescue 153 the good guys hostage incident 156 other rescue attempts 160 surviving a hostage situation 164. Turkey mises wiki, the global repository of classical. In exchange for delisting, the pkk could be required to reiterate its rejection of isis, pledge to. The kurdistan workers party pkk is the largest kurdish opposition group in turkey, serving as an umbrella for a myriad of organizations.
This paper examines the evolution of pkk kongra gel s involvement into illicit drug business from taxing the traffickers to distribution of heroin over the western european street markets. The book examines the radical transformations over the. Sage reference the complete guide for your research journey. Websters defines it as the use of force or threats to demoralize, intimidate and subjugate, especially as a political weapon world book. Everything you wanted to know about indians but were. Read the kurdistan workers party essay sample for free at. Today, terrorism is a widespread concern challenging the modern world. Trt kurdi is turkeys first national television station that broadcasts in kurdish. The kurdistan workers party, commonly referred to by its kurdish acronym, pkk partiya karkeren kurdistani is a kurdish militant organization which from 1984 to 20 fought an armed struggle against the turkish state for cultural and political rights and selfdetermination for the kurds in turkey, who comprise between 10% and 25% of the population and have been subjected to official. Dirk vanderwalle, a history of modern libya, cambridge, 2006, p. Appendix b background information on designated foreign.
Written by brendas husband who was born in slough during world war 2. Last, the thesis will offer recommendations on how u. It was written by the leader of the pkk, abdullah ocalan on march 20, 2005. Composed mostly of turkish kurds, the group in 1984 began a campaign of armed violence, including terrorism, which resulted in over 45,000 deaths. Four years later, the party changed its name to the kurdistan workers party. Kongra gel kgk, formerly kurdistan workers party, pkk, kadek lashkare tayyiba lt army of the righteous lashkar i jhangvi liberation tigers of tamil eelam ltte libyan islamic fighting group lifg moroccan islamic combatant group gicm mujahedine khalq organization mek national liberation army eln. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Ios press ebooks understanding and responding to the. Sage video bringing teaching, learning and research to life.
They have historically inhabited the mountainous areas to the south of lake van and lake urmia, a geographical area collectively referred to as kurdistan. Project muse the kurdistan workers party turns against the. Full text of punjab settlement manual internet archive. Organizations an armed militia group, called kongra gel pkk kurdish peoples congress. It offers programs aimed at all ages and promoting the perspective of the turkish state and its values. There was a significant jandarma gendarmerie presence at the court. A separatist insurgency begun in 1984 by the kurdistan workers party pkk now known as the peoples congress of kurdistan or kongra gel kgk has dominated the turkish militarys attention and claimed more than 30,000 lives. Full report on the kck trial of lawyers in istanbul by bronwen jones observations hearing of 6 november 2012 the court building at koaeli prison in silivri is an approximately twohour journey from istanbul. Removing the kurdistan workers party pkk from the state departments list of foreign terrorist organizations ftos would create conditions for greater security cooperation between the united states and the pkk in the fight against the islamic state in iraq and syria isis. However, what uzun clearly means is simply that the pkks immediate roots go back to the earlier date. The group first engaged in violent activities in 1984. The members of the executive council are elected by the peoples congress, entrusted with tasks by the leadership i. Since 1984 the pkk has waged an armed struggle against the turkish state for cultural and political rights and selfdetermination for the kurds in turkey, who comprise between 18% and 25% of the population and have been subjected to repression.
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